How do I uncompress a tarball?

To uncompress a tarball, execute the following command(s) depending on the extension:

tar zxf file.tar.gz
tar zxf file.tgz
tar jxf file.tar.bz2
tar jxf file.tbz2

The following doc snippets explain the tar options being used:

#Extract: tar -xf <archive-filename>
#-z, -j, -J, --lzma  Compress archive with gzip/bzip2/xz/lzma

Lastly, if you were to run "tar zxf file.tar.gz" you would end up with a new directory named "file" in your current directory.